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What Is a Flange Gasket: A Complete Guide

Many types of gaskets are there for different purposes. Anyway, before talking about the Flange Gaskets, let’s know a bit about gaskets. Well, here I am going with the definition given in Wikipedia, “A gasket is a mechanical seal which fills the space between two or more mating surfaces, generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression.” A gasket is used to fill irregularities between two joining surfaces.

A gasket prevents leakage. The type of gaskets used depends on the application. For example, materials used for high-pressure gaskets are different from general ones. The Flange Gasket is a special type of gasket used between two flanged surfaces to create a static seal.

Flange Gasket

As mentioned, a gasket is used to fill the irregularities between two joining surfaces. So, it is made in such a way to deform itself when fitting through the two joining surfaces.  Take a closer look at the picture. The Flange Gasket is placed between the two joining pipes as an additional layer. Because it can deform and act as a seal, whatever the fluid flowing through the pipes will not leak. Depending on the temperature and pressure, the Flange Gasket material varies.

It acts as a great seal between the two joining pipes, so it can prevent gases from leaking through microscopic gaps. Anyway, if you don’t install the gasket properly, then you can’t expect a leak-free connection. Dirt between the surfaces would make the seal less effective.

Gasket types: Non-metallic, semi-metallic, and metallic. For low-pressure applications, non-metallic types are the most suitable options. Aramid/glass fibre, Teflon, graphite, and elastomers are the materials used for non-metallic Flange Gaskets.

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Metallic and non-metallic composites are the material selection for semi-metallic types. The metal percentage provides strength and resiliency and the non-metallic percentage provides sealability. Widely used for high-temperature and high-pressure applications.

More about Flange Gaskets: The inside and outside diameter categorize gasket sizes. Four types of gaskets are there for pipes (Sheet gasket, Corrugated metal gasket, Ring gasket, and spiral wound gaskets.) The sheet gasket type is the simplest form and is used for medium temperature and pressure applications. They come with bolt holes or without. Ring gaskets are suitable for extremely high-pressure applications such as offshore oil- and gas pipelines.

Reasons for failure: As mentioned, if not installed properly; a gasket can fail. The most common reason for failure is the human factor. This means we humans make errors when installing. Uneven pressure on the gasket leads to leakage. As you can see in the picture, if you tightened the bolts unevenly; it causes uneven pressure on the Flange Gasket. Well, in practical life nobody tightened the bolts evenly.

Flange Gasket

Some final words: Flange Gasket is widely used as a seal between two joining surfaces such as piping. Many types of gaskets are there for various purposes. Semi-metallic ones are used for high-temperature and high-pressure applications. The price depends on the type you need for the purpose. The sheet types are the cheapest and metallic and semi-metallic ones can be somewhat expensive.

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4 thoughts on “What Is a Flange Gasket: A Complete Guide

  1. Thanks for writing such a good article, I stumbled onto your blog and read a few post. I like your style of writing…

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